The BQ24103ARHLR is a Power management IC (integrated circuit) from Texas Instruments (TI). It is a high-efficiency switch-mode battery charger designed for single-cell lithium-ion batteries and is used in portable devices. The "ARHLR" suffix refers to a specific package and variant of the BQ24103 series, which is a QFN (Quad Flat No-lead) package.
Package and Pin Function Specifications:
Package Type: QFN-16 (Quad Flat No-lead) package, with 16 pins. Pin Function Table: Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function Description 1 VIN Power input pin. This pin provides input voltage from the DC source. 2 VSTDBY Standby voltage input for device operation in low-power mode. 3 TS Temperature sensing pin for monitoring battery temperature. 4 GND Ground pin. It serves as the common return for current and voltage. 5 BATSNS Battery sense pin, used to monitor the battery voltage. 6 SYS System output voltage pin. This pin provides power to the system. 7 VDD Power supply pin for internal circuitry. Requires a stable 3.0V to 6.0V input. 8 CHG Charge status output pin. Signals the charging status (charging, charged, or fault). 9 STAT1 Status output pin 1. Provides additional status information. 10 STAT2 Status output pin 2. Provides additional status information. 11 ISET Current setting pin. Used to set the charging current. 12 ICHG Charging current monitor pin. Used to measure the current during charging. 13 EN Enable pin. Used to enable or disable the charging process. 14 FET FET control pin. Used to enable or disable the external MOSFET for power path control. 15 OC Overcurrent protection pin. Monitors and limits the charge current for safety. 16 DNC No connect (NC) pin. This pin is unused and should not be connected to any signal.Detailed Circuit Principle Instructions:
Power Input (VIN): This pin is the primary input to the charger. It connects to the DC source that charges the battery, such as a USB or an adapter. It powers the IC and the internal circuitry.
Battery Sense (BATSNS): This pin is used to sense the voltage of the connected battery. It communicates with the internal voltage regulation circuit to properly charge the battery without overcharging or damaging it.
Temperature Sense (TS): The temperature sensor pin is used for monitoring the temperature of the battery. If the temperature is too high or low, the IC can terminate charging or adjust parameters to prevent damage.
Status Pins (CHG, STAT1, STAT2): These pins provide output signals about the charging process. The CHG pin indicates whether charging is in progress, completed, or in a fault condition. The STAT1 and STAT2 pins provide additional information about the charging process.
Enable Pin (EN): This pin is used to activate the charger. When the EN pin is low, charging is disabled, and when high, the IC starts the charging process. This pin is useful for turning the charger on and off.
Current Setting (ISET): This pin allows the user to set the charging current using external components, typically a resistor. It defines the maximum current that the charger will use during the charging process.
Overcurrent Protection (OC): This pin is used to protect the charger and battery from excessive current. If an overcurrent situation occurs, the IC will shut down or reduce the charging current to prevent damage.
FET Control Pin (FET): This pin is responsible for controlling the external FETs (Field-Effect Transistors) used in the charger. The FETs manage the current flow between the charger and the battery.
Pin Function FAQ (20 Common Questions):
Q: What is the function of the VIN pin on the BQ24103ARHLR? A: The VIN pin provides the input voltage to power the device and charge the battery.
Q: How is the BATSNS pin used? A: The BATSNS pin is used to monitor the battery's voltage and provide feedback to the charging circuit.
Q: What is the purpose of the TS pin on the BQ24103ARHLR? A: The TS pin is used for monitoring the temperature of the battery to prevent overheating during charging.
Q: Can the charging current be adjusted on the BQ24103ARHLR? A: Yes, the charging current can be set via the ISET pin by connecting an appropriate external resistor.
Q: What does the CHG pin indicate? A: The CHG pin indicates the charging status—whether the battery is charging, fully charged, or in a fault condition.
Q: How does the EN pin control the charging process? A: The EN pin enables or disables the charging process when it is driven high or low, respectively.
Q: What role does the FET pin play in the BQ24103ARHLR? A: The FET pin controls the external MOSFETs used to manage the power flow between the charger and the battery.
Q: Why is there an OC pin on the BQ24103ARHLR? A: The OC pin provides overcurrent protection. It helps limit the charging current to prevent damage to the device or battery.
Q: What is the function of the VDD pin? A: The VDD pin powers the internal circuitry of the BQ24103ARHLR and requires a stable input voltage.
Q: Can the system operate if the TS pin is not connected? A: No, the TS pin must be connected to a temperature sensing device for proper operation and safety.
Q: How can I monitor the battery’s charge level using the BQ24103ARHLR? A: The BATSNS pin provides real-time voltage feedback to monitor the battery’s charge level.
Q: What happens if the temperature of the battery is too high or low? A: If the temperature is outside the safe range, the IC will suspend charging or adjust current to prevent damage.
Q: How do I troubleshoot issues with the BQ24103ARHLR? A: Check the status pins (CHG, STAT1, STAT2) for diagnostic information and ensure the correct voltages are applied to the input and output pins.
Q: What is the function of the VSTDBY pin? A: The VSTDBY pin provides a standby voltage that helps the IC operate in a low-power mode when not charging.
Q: Is there a way to disable the charging process entirely? A: Yes, the charging process can be disabled by driving the EN pin low.
Q: How do I set the maximum charging current for the BQ24103ARHLR? A: You can set the maximum charging current by selecting an appropriate resistor for the ISET pin.
Q: Can I use the BQ24103ARHLR for multi-cell battery configurations? A: No, the BQ24103ARHLR is designed for single-cell lithium-ion batteries only.
Q: How does the BQ24103ARHLR handle faults during charging? A: The CHG pin and status pins (STAT1, STAT2) provide feedback when a fault is detected, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or thermal conditions.
Q: Can the BQ24103ARHLR be used with both USB and wall adapter power sources? A: Yes, the VIN pin supports a wide range of input voltages suitable for USB and wall adapters.
Q: What should I do if the charging current is too high? A: If the charging current is too high, adjust the ISET resistor to a lower value to limit the charging current.
This comprehensive explanation covers the pin functions and the most common usage questions for the BQ24103ARHLR.
